{"id":12102,"date":"2022-09-14T16:28:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-14T21:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webcotecnova.site\/index.php\/boletin-de-investigaciones-numero-23-ciencias_informaticas-copy\/"},"modified":"2023-08-17T16:26:51","modified_gmt":"2023-08-17T21:26:51","slug":"boletin-de-investigaciones-numero-24-ciencias_agropecuarias","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cotecnova.edu.co\/index.php\/boletin-de-investigaciones-numero-24-ciencias_agropecuarias\/","title":{"rendered":"[Bolet\u00edn de Investigaciones No. 24] &#8211; Las abejas y su lucha por la supervivencia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-sccxt8-1ccffd1acdba8e7ef827885c7838c26e\">\n.flex_column.av-sccxt8-1ccffd1acdba8e7ef827885c7838c26e{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-sccxt8-1ccffd1acdba8e7ef827885c7838c26e av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l670hc79-833852de9bef02a83b584aa0aee7b494\">\n.avia-image-container.av-l670hc79-833852de9bef02a83b584aa0aee7b494 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-l670hc79-833852de9bef02a83b584aa0aee7b494 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-l670hc79-833852de9bef02a83b584aa0aee7b494 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-12105 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-12105 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/cotecnova.edu.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Encabezado-Boletin-N\u00b024.jpg' alt='' title='Encabezado Bolet\u00edn N\u00b024'  height=\"555\" width=\"1061\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2h98nsl-7ff540ef59ad172ca7eb788d38f13033\">\n.flex_column.av-2h98nsl-7ff540ef59ad172ca7eb788d38f13033{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-2h98nsl-7ff540ef59ad172ca7eb788d38f13033 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_fifth  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l670lvjk-3a35183eea0012d055b384edc5e6c13f\">\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-3a35183eea0012d055b384edc5e6c13f img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-3a35183eea0012d055b384edc5e6c13f .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-l670lvjk-3a35183eea0012d055b384edc5e6c13f av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-12104 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-12104 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/cotecnova.edu.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Encabezado-Boletin-N\u00b024-Pag..jpg' alt='' title='Encabezado Bolet\u00edn N\u00b024 - P\u00e1g.'  height=\"149\" width=\"1061\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1jsk6d1-640835b3474e1fc71c4ef7add197fd32\">\n.flex_column.av-1jsk6d1-640835b3474e1fc71c4ef7add197fd32{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1jsk6d1-640835b3474e1fc71c4ef7add197fd32 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_two_fifth  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l670lvjk-a8eec34a1b66c0d3856e32667280a269\">\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-a8eec34a1b66c0d3856e32667280a269 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-a8eec34a1b66c0d3856e32667280a269 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-l670lvjk-a8eec34a1b66c0d3856e32667280a269 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-5  el_before_av_image  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-12110 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-12110 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/cotecnova.edu.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Boletin-N\u00b024-Imagen-4.jpg' alt='' title='Bolet\u00edn N\u00b024 - Imagen 4'  height=\"432\" width=\"294\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l670lvjk-e37a78972d3d7ceb253d645da4c0424d\">\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-e37a78972d3d7ceb253d645da4c0424d img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-e37a78972d3d7ceb253d645da4c0424d .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-l670lvjk-e37a78972d3d7ceb253d645da4c0424d av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_image  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-12109 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-12109 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/cotecnova.edu.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Boletin-N\u00b024-Imagen-2.jpg' alt='' title='Bolet\u00edn N\u00b024 - Imagen 2'  height=\"607\" width=\"242\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1jsk6d1-4178105a714eb850680b4cbbb1a8c869\">\n.flex_column.av-1jsk6d1-4178105a714eb850680b4cbbb1a8c869{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1jsk6d1-4178105a714eb850680b4cbbb1a8c869 av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_two_fifth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>En busca del equilibrio de los ecosistemas, las abejas han sido un tema de relevancia sobre el medio ambiente \u00edntimamente ligada a la floraci\u00f3n de frutales y verduras, al polinizar y dar continuidad a la vida vegetal, de ah\u00ed la importancia de su labor, considerando que el 80% de la alimentaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola humana y animal est\u00e1 constituida por este trabajo.<\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, a pesar de su importancia la supervivencia de las abejas est\u00e1 cada vez m\u00e1s amenazada por diferentes factores, como el uso excesivo de agroqu\u00edmicos, que ya suficiente da\u00f1o les ha causado, la destrucci\u00f3n de bosques, la disminuci\u00f3n de los l\u00edmites de su h\u00e1bitat natural y la sustituci\u00f3n de ecosistemas por sistemas agropecuarios que generan poca oferta de flores de finalidad alimenticia, todo ello como menciona la Organizaci\u00f3n de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentaci\u00f3n y la Agricultura &#8211; FAO ha hecho que la poblaci\u00f3n de polinizadores, en especial abejas y mariposas, haya disminuido de manera preocupante, debido principalmente a pr\u00e1cticas agr\u00edcolas intensivas y los cambios en el uso de la tierra.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Y es que la agricultura \u201cmoderna\u201d y exhaustiva, demanda alto uso de agroqu\u00edmicos que afectan las colonias de abejas y sus h\u00e1bitats, ya sea por contacto o ingesti\u00f3n. Por contacto, cuando las abejas recogen el n\u00e9ctar de las flores, las pecoreadoras (abejas obreras recolectoras) son las v\u00edctimas iniciales ya que son ellas las que tienen el acercamiento con la flor, en pocos minutos el veneno obra en ellas y muchas veces no alcanzan a llegar a sus colmenas, lo que implica una disminuci\u00f3n en las colmenas, por lo que a su vez hace que abejas m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes tengan que salir a buscar alimento y terminan sufriendo el mismo destino de SUS compa\u00f1eras. En Cuanto al envenenamiento por ingesti\u00f3n es mucho m\u00e1s intensivo y destructivo, puesto que el n\u00e9ctar infectado alcanza a ser llevado hasta la colmena, una vez m\u00e1s las abejas j\u00f3venes consumen el alimento lo que les produce una reacci\u00f3n en su sistema nervioso provocando desorientaci\u00f3n y muerte masiva de colonias. Ambos casos terminan con la disminuci\u00f3n de la poblaci\u00f3n de abejas.<\/p>\n<p>Lo anterior, atribuible a una mala pr\u00e1ctica realizada por parte de los agricultores, por falta de conocimiento de las etapas fenol\u00f3gicas de los cultivos; al aplicar insumos en etapas de las plantas en las cuales estos no obran de la forma adecuada, ya que los insectos perjudiciales ya han tenido tiempo de actuar, afectando la flora y la fauna de sus alrededores.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1jsk6d1-4178105a714eb850680b4cbbb1a8c869\">\n.flex_column.av-1jsk6d1-4178105a714eb850680b4cbbb1a8c869{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1jsk6d1-4178105a714eb850680b4cbbb1a8c869 av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_two_fifth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l670lvjk-72a97353a95b0d6351b906cf05c966cb\">\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-72a97353a95b0d6351b906cf05c966cb img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-l670lvjk-72a97353a95b0d6351b906cf05c966cb .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-l670lvjk-72a97353a95b0d6351b906cf05c966cb av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-11  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-12107 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-12107 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/cotecnova.edu.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Boletin-N\u00b024-Imagen-1.jpg' alt='' title='Bolet\u00edn N\u00b024 - Imagen 1'  height=\"439\" width=\"636\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ko1jljdp-bcecce6955c5d0eca8c16e761a391be0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>De aqu\u00ed, que el agro-apicultor deba luchar contra dos enemigos, la plaga en sus cultivos y el envenenamiento de las colmenas, es por este motivo que se crean los planes de Manejo Integrados de Plagas Y Enfermedades (MIPE), Para combinar diferentes m\u00e9todos de control que permitan el manejo de aspectos agron\u00f3micos, biol\u00f3gicos, culturales, qu\u00edmicos y legales, de acuerdo a las condiciones espec\u00edficas de cada caso o cultivo.<\/p>\n<p>Ante este panorama, Cabe agregar que est\u00e1 en nuestras manos parte de la soluci\u00f3n. Comenzando protecci\u00f3n con la de colonias manejo adecuado de y ecosistemas, al cultivar variedad de plantas nativas que permitan la floraci\u00f3n continua y garanticen Su supervivencia, para que puedan cumplir con su gran papel en la naturaleza.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l825ju9l-2b5b81dff314c772aef9d771623c5e89\">\n.avia-image-container.av-l825ju9l-2b5b81dff314c772aef9d771623c5e89 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-l825ju9l-2b5b81dff314c772aef9d771623c5e89 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-l825ju9l-2b5b81dff314c772aef9d771623c5e89 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-12108 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-12108 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/cotecnova.edu.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Boletin-N\u00b024-Autor.jpg' alt='' title='Bolet\u00edn N\u00b024 - 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